LABOR RELATIONS LAW
XVIII TRADE UNIONS AND EMPLOYERS' ASSOCIATIONS
Associations of Workers and Employers"
Article 184
(1) Workers have the right, of their own free choice, to establish a trade union and to join it, under the conditions prescribed by the statute or rules of that union.
(2) The trade union is an independent, democratic organization of workers in which they voluntarily associate for the purpose of representation, advocacy, advancement, and protection of their economic, social, and other individual and collective interests.
(3) Employers have the right, by their free choice, to establish an association and become members of it, under the conditions prescribed by the statute or rules of that association.
(4) The employers' association is an independent, democratic, and autonomous organization in which employers voluntarily join for the representation, advancement, and protection of their economic, social, and other interests.
(5) The trade unions and associations referred to in paragraphs (1) and (3) of this article may be established without any prior approval.
Voluntariness of Membership in the Trade Union and Employers' Association
Article 185
(1) The worker or employer freely decides to join and withdraw from the trade union or employers' association.
(2) No one may be placed in an unfavorable position due to membership or non-membership in the trade union or employers' association, or participation or non-participation in the activities of the trade union or employers' association.
Protection of the trade union and employers' association
Article 186
(1) The trade union or employers' association cannot be dissolved or their activities prohibited administratively if they are founded and operate in accordance with the law.
(2) The activity of the trade union and its representative cannot be restricted by the employer's act if it is in accordance with the law and a collective agreement.
Association at higher levels
Article 187
(1) Trade unions or employers' associations may establish their unions or other forms of association in which their interests are connected at a higher level (trade unions and employers' associations at a higher level).
(2) Trade unions and employers' associations at a higher level enjoy all the rights and freedoms guaranteed for the trade union or employers' association.
(3) Trade unions and employers' associations have the right to freely associate and cooperate with international organizations established to realize their rights and interests.